 | | Native American peoples (by the millions) occupied this region of South America for eons.
Then in 1500, the Portuguese navigator Pedro Alvares Cabral's fleet, en route to India, landed along the northeastern coastline (near Recife), he quickly claimed this land for Portugal - and the 300-year Portuguese era in Brazil began.
Over the next few decades more adventurers, explorers and treasure-seekers arrived; small settlements were established along the coastal areas, and when Portugal took control in 1580, it was now becoming a lucrative new land based on the growing profits of (slave labor) sugar plantations.
In the late 16th century, the Portuguese crown and colonies were inherited by Spain. After 60 years of contentious Spanish rule, and a small prosperous area of sugar businesses controlled by the Dutch, this now very valuable land was completely reverted to Portuguese sovereignty.
In the early 1800s, Napoleon's aggressive push across Portugal and Spain, caused (forced) Portugal's King to flee to Brazil. When he arrived, King Dom Joao VI established this huge slice of South America as the capital of his new (somewhat mobile) empire.
In 1821, he returned to Portugal, leaving his son Pedro I in charge, but when King Dom Joao attempted (once again) to treat Brazil as his own personal, taxable colony, his son said "No," declared immediate independence from Portugal, and was appointed the new emperor of Brazil.
Soon coffee replaced sugar as the country's most valuable export, and the strong aromatic scent of Brazil's official drink, and the seductive lure of new lands and fresh starts brought a surge of immigrants from Europe - mostly Italian.
Beginning in the early 1890s, the prosperous coffee businesses (seeking change) funded a military coup that forced the emperor to flee. In short, the coffee powers were now in charge, and the country would soon experience a half-century of instability.
In 1985, the ruling regime in Brazil ceded its power to civilian rule, and the country finally overcame a series of unpopular coups, corrupt leaders, and the military's constant intervention in the governance of this massive country.
Today Brazil is justifiably famous for the Amazon River; Carnival in Rio; the beaches of Copacabana and Ipanema; its many champion soccer teams, and of course, for the amazing collection of organized diversity that makes it one of the most significant and important countries on the face of the planet.
| | | | |  | | The Northern Region of Brazil is the largest Region of Brazil, corresponding to 45.27% of the national territory. It is the least inhabited of the country, and contributes with a minor percentage in the national GDP and population. It is composed by the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima and Tocantins.
Its demographic density is the lowest considering all the regions of the country, with only 2,92 inhabitants per km2. Most of the population is centered in urban areas.
Belém International Airport and Manaus International Airport connects North region with many Brazilian cities and also operates some international flights.
The North is home to the Federal University of Amazonas and Federal University of Pará.
| | | | |  | | The Northeast Region ("Nordeste") of Brazil is composed of the following states: Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe and Bahia, and it represents 18.26% of the Brazilian territory.
The Northeast Region has about 53.6 million people, which represents 28% of the total number in the whole country. Most of the population lives in the urban area, althourgh, about 15 million people lives in the sertão. Its famous in Brazil by its hot wheather, beautiful beaches, rich culture, the sertão and to be the birthplace of the country.
The biggest cities are Salvador, Fortaleza and Recife, which are the regional metropolitan areas of the Nordeste, all with a population above a million inhabitants.
Salvador International Airport, Recife International Airport and Fortaleza International Airport connects Northeast region with many Brazilian cities and also operates some international flights.
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| | The Central-West Region is composed of the states of Goiás, Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul; along with Distrito Federal (Federal District), where Brazil's national capital, Brasília, is situated. This Region is right in the heart of Brazil, representing 18.86% of the national territory.
With the move of the country's federal capital from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília in the 60s, the construction of roads and railways to the interior of the country made the accesses easier, speeding up the population settling and contributing significantly to its development.
Mato Grosso do Sul was created in 1979, materializing the decision of the government to divide the then called state of Mato Grosso in two states to facilitate to the administration and the development of the region.
Today, Center-West is attracting many investments for agriculture, pecuary, industries and people from Southeast and Southern Brazil.
Brasília International Airport, Marechal Rondon International Airport, Campo Grande International Airport and Santa Genoveva Airport connects Center-West region with many Brazilian cities and also operates some international flights.
The Center-West is home to the University of Brasília, Federal University of Goiás, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul and Federal University of Mato Grosso.
| | | | |  | | The Southeast Region of Brazil is composed by the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. It is the richest region of the country, responsible for approximately 60% of the Brazilian GDP.
The Southeast region leads the country in population, urban population, population density, vehicles, industries, universities, airports, ports, highways, hospitals, schools, houses and many other areas.
São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport, Galeão - Antônio Carlos Jobim International Airport, Confins International Airport and Vitoria Airport connects Southeast region with many Brazilian cities and also operates some international flights.
The Southeast is home to the University of São Paulo, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Fluminense Federal University, Federal University of São Paulo and State University of Campinas, Federal University of Sao Carlos.
| | | | |  | | The Southern Region of Brazil is one of the five administrative regions of Brazil. It includes the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul and covers 576,300.8 km ², being the smallest portion of the country. It is a great tourist, economic and cultural pole. It borders Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay as well as the Center-West Region, the Southeast Region and the Atlantic Ocean. The region received large numbers of people European immigrants during the 19th century, who have had a large influence on its demography and culture. The main ethnic groups of Southern Brazil are Brazilians of Italian, Portuguese and German descent.
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